Evagrius n\u00e1m rad\u00ed pro ka\u017edou v\u00e1\u0161e\u0148 jinou metodu. T\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pudy – j\u00eddlo, sexualitu a touhu po majetku – m\u016f\u017eeme pomoc\u00ed askeze, postu a almu\u017eny p\u0159em\u011bnit. Spr\u00e1vnou cestou je k\u00e1ze\u0148: v\u00e1\u0161n\u011b se nemaj\u00ed potla\u010dovat, ale formovat, aby n\u00e1m byly k\u00a0dispozici jako z\u00e1sob\u00e1rna s\u00edly.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
V\u011bt\u0161inu sv\u00fdch rad sm\u011b\u0159uje Evagrius k\u00a0tomu, jak m\u00e1me zach\u00e1zet s\u00a0hn\u011bvem. V ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b n\u00e1s st\u00e1le zam\u011bstn\u00e1vaj\u00ed vztek, zloba a nen\u00e1vist.<\/p>\n
Jednou pom\u016fckou je, ne\u017e jdeme sp\u00e1t, prohl\u00e9dnout si sv\u016fj hn\u011bv a odlo\u017eit jej, aby se ve snu neulo\u017eil do na\u0161eho nev\u011bdom\u00ed a den pot\u00e9 se v\u00a0n\u00e1s neprojevil v\u00a0podob\u011b jak\u00e9si neur\u010dit\u00e9 nespokojenosti. Jestli\u017ee si zlobu vezmeme s sebou do noci, ztrat\u00edme nad sebou kontrolu, z\u00a0nev\u011bdom\u00ed n\u00e1s bude st\u00e1le \u0159\u00eddit n\u00e1\u0161 hn\u011bv a nen\u00e1vist. \u201eSlunce a\u0165 nezapad\u00e1 nad va\u0161\u00edm hn\u011bvem, aby nep\u0159i\u0161li v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu no\u010dn\u00edho klidu d\u00e9moni a nenahnali ti strach, a ty ses tak nestal pro z\u00e1pas p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho dne je\u0161t\u011b zbab\u011blej\u0161\u00edm. Nebo\u0165 no\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159eludy vznikaj\u00ed vlivem hn\u011bvu, kter\u00fd t\u011b rozru\u0161uje. A nic tak nesv\u00e1d\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka, aby vzdal sv\u016fj z\u00e1pas jako to, kdy\u017e nem\u016f\u017ee ovl\u00e1dat sv\u00e1 hnut\u00ed mysli.“ (Evagrius, Praktikos<\/em> 21)<\/p>\n Kdy\u017e zloba nakazila na\u0161e nev\u011bdom\u00ed, ztr\u00e1c\u00edme nad sebou kontrolu a jsme j\u00ed vyd\u00e1ni napospas, bez jak\u00e9koliv ochrany. To n\u00e1s ochromuje. Pohl\u00e9dnout ve\u010der je\u0161t\u011b jednou na sv\u016fj hn\u011bv a v\u00a0modlitb\u011b ho odlo\u017eit p\u0159ed Boha, nen\u00ed proto v\u00a0prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b mor\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u017eadavek, ale mnohem sp\u00ed\u0161e po\u017eadavek psychologick\u00fd, kter\u00fd slou\u017e\u00ed zdrav\u00ed t\u011bla i du\u0161e.<\/p>\n P\u0159i jedn\u00e9 rekolekci si mnoho kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed st\u011b\u017eovalo na to, \u017ee ve\u010der p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed z\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch zased\u00e1n\u00ed roz\u010dilen\u00ed a frustrovan\u00ed, a pak nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dnou chu\u0165 k\u00a0meditaci nebo \u010detb\u011b. P\u0159ehlu\u0161uj\u00ed proto svou frustraci j\u00eddlem, pit\u00edm a televiz\u00ed. Tak se v\u00a0nich v\u0161ak tyto nep\u0159etaven\u00e9 pocity usad\u00ed, proniknou do nev\u011bdom\u00ed a n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed den se projev\u00ed jako nejasn\u00e1 nespokojenost a pr\u00e1zdnota. Distancovat se ve ve\u010dern\u00ed modlitb\u011b od sv\u00fdch negativn\u00edch pocit\u016f n\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed, abychom se ve snu otev\u0159eli Bo\u017e\u00ed sp\u00e1sonosn\u00e9 \u00fat\u011b\u0161e.<\/p>\n Evagrius p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm varuje p\u0159ed zahr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm si s\u00a0hn\u011bviv\u00fdmi my\u0161lenkami: \u201eNepodd\u00e1vej se z\u00e1\u0161ti ani tak, \u017ee se v\u00a0my\u0161lenk\u00e1ch p\u0159e\u0161 s\u00a0t\u00edm, kdo t\u011b rozhn\u011bval“ (Praktikos 23). Nebo\u0165 to n\u00e1m zatem\u0148uje du\u0161i a kal\u00ed ducha. Hn\u011bv ale m\u016f\u017eeme vyu\u017e\u00edt i jako pozitivn\u00ed s\u00edlu, v\u00a0z\u00e1pase proti poku\u0161en\u00ed, proti my\u0161lenk\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1m br\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0\u017eivot\u011b: \u201eRozzlobben\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme b\u00fdt, kdy\u017e bojujeme proti rozko\u0161\u00edm“ (Praktikos 24).<\/p>\n Vztek je \u010dasto d\u016fle\u017eitou silou k\u00a0tomu, abychom se osvobodili od negativn\u00edch vzpom\u00ednek a zapudili ze sv\u00e9ho nitra lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1s zranili. Pokud se sv\u00fdm zran\u011bn\u00edm zab\u00fdv\u00e1me, d\u00e1v\u00e1me t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1s zranili, nad sebou moc. Mnoz\u00ed se tak st\u00e1le p\u0159ehrabuj\u00ed ve sv\u00fdch ran\u00e1ch. Zde je hn\u011bv velmi d\u016fle\u017eitou silou. C\u00edt\u00edm-li zlost v\u016f\u010di tomu, kdo m\u011b zranil, dok\u00e1\u017eu si od n\u011bj udr\u017eet odstup a jsem\u00a0 pak schopen rozli\u0161it mezi probl\u00e9my sv\u00fdmi a toho druh\u00e9ho. Hn\u011bv je prvn\u00edm krokem k\u00a0osvobozen\u00ed se a uzdraven\u00ed.<\/p>\n Setkal jsem se v\u00edcekr\u00e1t s\u00a0\u017eenami, kter\u00e9 byly jako d\u011bti sexu\u00e1ln\u011b zneu\u017eity a dosud c\u00edt\u00ed vinu a v\u016fbec \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd vztek. Ale teprve tehdy a\u017e se setkaj\u00ed se sv\u00fdm hn\u011bvem, jsou schopny zpracovat svou traumatickou zku\u0161enost. Hn\u011bv je s\u00edla, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1m pom\u00e1h\u00e1 distancovat se od traumatick\u00fdch z\u00e1\u017eitk\u016f a zapudit z\u00a0vlastn\u00edho nitra toho, kdo n\u00e1s zranil, abychom byli op\u011bt svobodn\u00ed a mohl do n\u00e1s vstoupit Bo\u017e\u00ed uzdravuj\u00edc\u00ed duch.<\/p>\n P\u0159i acedii<\/strong> d\u00e1v\u00e1 Evagrius dv\u011b rady. Jedna se t\u00fdk\u00e1 na\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1losti. Odhodlan\u011b m\u00e1me z\u016fstat ve sv\u00e9 cele a prost\u011b vydr\u017eet v\u0161e, co p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed poku\u0161en\u00ed. \u201eP\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pohle\u010f tomuto poku\u0161en\u00ed acedie do o\u010d\u00ed, nebo\u0165 ono je t\u00edm nejhor\u0161\u00edm ze v\u0161ech, ale p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1rove\u0148 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed o\u010distu du\u0161e. Ut\u00e9ct p\u0159ed n\u00edm nebo se ho b\u00e1t, zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee duch se st\u00e1v\u00e1 neobratn\u00fdm, zbab\u011bl\u00fdm a b\u00e1zliv\u00fdm.“ (Praktikos 28)<\/p>\n Kdy\u017e snesu sv\u016fj vnit\u0159n\u00ed neklid a bl\u00ed\u017ee si jej prohl\u00e9dnu, mohu objevit, co se v\u00a0n\u011bm vlastn\u011b skr\u00fdv\u00e1. Teprve pak budu vn\u00edmat, \u017ee to cel\u00e9 m\u00e1 smysl. Neklid m\u011b m\u00e1 osvobodit od iluze, \u017ee se s\u00e1m svou k\u00e1zn\u00ed mohu zlep\u0161it a zvl\u00e1dnout se. Neklid mi ukazuje mou bezmoc. Kdy\u017e se s\u00a0n\u00edm sm\u00ed\u0159\u00edm, o\u010dist\u00ed to moji du\u0161\u00ed a dod\u00e1 j\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed jasnost. A uprost\u0159ed sv\u00e9ho neklidu tak pro\u017eiji hlubok\u00fd pokoj. Neklid je tedy zcela na m\u00edst\u011b. Chce m\u011b vlastn\u011b popoh\u00e1n\u011bt k\u00a0Bohu, pr\u00e1v\u011b tak jako Augustina, kter\u00fd ve vlastn\u00edm neklidu rozpoznal pob\u00eddku, aby sv\u016fj pokoj hledal v\u00a0Bohu.<\/p>\n Druha rada se t\u00fdk\u00e1 modlitby: \u201eJestli\u017ee n\u00e1s pokou\u0161\u00ed acedie, pak je dobr\u00e9, rozd\u011blit v\u00a0slz\u00e1ch svou du\u0161i na dva d\u00edly. Jedna \u010d\u00e1st dod\u00e1v\u00e1 odvahu, zat\u00edmco druh\u00e9 se odvaha mus\u00ed dod\u00e1vat. Zas\u00e9v\u00e1me v\u00a0sob\u011b semeno neot\u0159esiteln\u00e9 nad\u011bje, kdy\u017e zp\u00edv\u00e1me s\u00a0kr\u00e1lem Davidem: Pro\u010d se rmout\u00ed\u0161, m\u00e1 du\u0161e, a pro\u010d ve mn\u011b st\u00e9n\u00e1\u0161. Doufej v\u00a0Boha, zase ho budu chv\u00e1lit, sv\u00e9ho spasitele a sv\u00e9ho Boha, na n\u011bho\u017e hled\u00edm“ (Praktikos 27).<\/p>\n Evagrius zde tedy doporu\u010duje tzv. antirrhetickou metodu. Rozvinul ji p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve sv\u00e9 knize Antirrhetikon. Tam najdeme pomoc nejen p\u0159i acedii, ale pro\u00a0ka\u017edou situaci. Evagrius zde proti ka\u017ed\u00e9 my\u0161lence, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1m chce zp\u016fsobit nemoc a odv\u00e1d\u00ed n\u00e1s od svobody, od l\u00e1sky a od \u017eivota, stav\u00ed slova z\u00a0bible. A tak si ten, kdo si st\u00e1le p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 h\u0159\u00edchy ml\u00e1d\u00ed a namlouv\u00e1 si, \u017ee je u n\u011bj v\u0161ecko zvr\u00e1cen\u00e9, m\u00e1 st\u00e1le opakovat slova z\u00a02 Kor 5,17: \u201eKdy\u017e se tedy n\u011bkdo stal k\u0159es\u0165anem, je to nov\u00e9 stvo\u0159en\u00ed. To star\u00e9 pominulo, nov\u00e9 nastoupilo.“ Tato slova obvykle na\u0161e pocity z\u00e1rmutku a sebel\u00edtosti prom\u011bn\u00ed. Dot\u00fdk\u00e1me se tak on\u00e9 pozitivn\u00ed s\u00edly v n\u00e1s, Ducha svat\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd v\u00a0n\u00e1s p\u016fsob\u00ed, pramene, je\u017e v\u00a0n\u00e1s proud\u00ed proto, abychom z\u00a0n\u011bj \u010derpali.<\/p>\n ze stejnojmenn\u00e9 knihy A. Gr\u00fcna vybrala a upravila -d\u010d-<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Evagrius n\u00e1m rad\u00ed pro ka\u017edou v\u00e1\u0161e\u0148 jinou metodu. T\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pudy – j\u00eddlo, sexualitu a touhu po majetku – m\u016f\u017eeme pomoc\u00ed askeze, postu a almu\u017eny p\u0159em\u011bnit. Spr\u00e1vnou cestou je k\u00e1ze\u0148: v\u00e1\u0161n\u011b se nemaj\u00ed potla\u010dovat, ale formovat, aby n\u00e1m byly k\u00a0dispozici jako z\u00e1sob\u00e1rna s\u00edly.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1906"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1906"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1906\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1908,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1906\/revisions\/1908"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1906"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1906"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1906"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}