{"id":596,"date":"2008-01-15T14:26:49","date_gmt":"2008-01-15T13:26:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/?p=596"},"modified":"2012-10-13T18:03:14","modified_gmt":"2012-10-13T16:03:14","slug":"fejetonovy-vek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/?p=596","title":{"rendered":"Fejetonov\u00fd v\u011bk"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Herman Hesse<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, ono obdob\u00ed zn\u00e1me velmi \u0161patn\u011b, p\u0159esto\u017ee je p\u016fdou, z n\u00edch vyrostlo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echno, co dnes tvo\u0159\u00ed znaky na\u0161eho duchovn\u00edho \u017eivota. Podle Ziegenhalsse to byla doba v obzvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e &#8222;m\u011bs\u0165\u00e1ck\u00e1&#8220; a dalekos\u00e1hle holdovala individulismu, jestli\u017ee my, abychom nazna\u010dili jej\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ru, uv\u00e1d\u00edme n\u011bkter\u00e9 jej\u00ed rysy podle Ziegenhalssovy prezentace, pak s jistotou v\u00edme alespo\u0148 jedno, toti\u017e \u017ee si tyto rysy nevymyslel a nezaznamenal je s n\u011bjak\u00fdm nadm\u011brn\u00fdm p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00edm, v\u017edy\u0165 tento velk\u00fd v\u011bdec v\u0161e dolo\u017eil ohromn\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm liter\u00e1rn\u00edch i jin\u00fdch dokument\u016f. \/&#8230;\/<br \/>\n<!--more--><br \/>\nMus\u00edme p\u0159iznat, \u017ee nejsme s to podat jednozna\u010dnou definici on\u011bch produkt\u016f, podle nich\u017e ono obdob\u00ed naz\u00fdv\u00e1me, toti\u017e &#8222;fejeton\u016f&#8220;. Jak se zd\u00e1, byly jako\u017eto obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b obl\u00edben\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st obsahu denn\u00edho tisku vyr\u00e1b\u011bny po milionech, tvo\u0159ily hlavn\u00ed potravu vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edchtiv\u00fdch \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f, referovaly \u010di sp\u00ed\u0161e &#8222;rozpr\u00e1v\u011bly o tis\u00edcer\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011btech sf\u00e9ry v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed a, jev\u00ed se to tak, ti chyt\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed z fejetonist\u016f si ze sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce \u010dasto tropili \u017eerty, alespo\u0148 Ziegenhalss p\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee narazil na velk\u00fd po\u010det takov\u00fdch prac\u00ed, u nich\u017e, proto\u017ee by jinak byly zcela nepochopiteln\u00e9, se klon\u00ed k v\u00fdkladu, \u017ee jde o sebepersifl\u00e1\u017e jejich autor\u016f. Je z\u0159ejm\u011b mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee do t\u011bchto pr\u016fmyslov\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f byla vlo\u017eena spousta ironie a sebeironie, k jejich pochopen\u00ed by se teprve musel znovu nal\u00e9zt kl\u00ed\u010d. \/&#8230;\/ Obl\u00edben\u00fdm obsahem on\u011bch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f b\u00fdvaly anekdoty ze \u017eivota proslul\u00fdch mu\u017e\u016f a \u017een a jejich korespondence, tituly zn\u011bly t\u0159eba &#8222;Fridrich Nietzsche a \u017eensk\u00e1 m\u00f3da kolem roku 1870&#8220; nebo &#8222;Obl\u00edben\u00e1 j\u00eddla skladatele Rossiniho&#8220; \u010di &#8222;\u00daloha ps\u00edka mazl\u00ed\u010dka v \u017eivot\u011b velk\u00fdch kurtiz\u00e1n&#8220; a tak podobn\u011b. D\u00e1le byly v oblib\u011b historizuj\u00edc\u00ed \u00favahy k aktu\u00e1ln\u00edm l\u00e1tk\u00e1m rozhovor\u016f z\u00e1mo\u017en\u00fdch lid\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad &#8222;Sen o v\u00fdrob\u011b um\u011bl\u00e9ho zlata v pr\u016fb\u011bhu stalet\u00ed&#8220; anebo &#8222;Pokusy k chemicko-fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edmu ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed pov\u011btrnosti&#8220; a stovky obdobn\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed. Kdy\u017e \u010dteme Ziegenhalssem uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 tituly takov\u00fdchto kl\u00e1bos\u016f, n\u00e1\u0161 \u00fadiv se ani tak net\u00fdk\u00e1 toho, \u017ee existovali lid\u00e9 hltaj\u00edc\u00ed je coby denn\u00ed \u010detbu, jako sp\u00ed\u0161e faktu, \u017ee i renomovan\u00ed auto\u0159i s \u00farovn\u00ed a dobr\u00fdm p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fdmvzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm pom\u00e1hali &#8222;obsluhovat&#8220; tuto obrovskou spot\u0159ebu nicotn\u00fdch zaj\u00edmav\u016fstek, jak p\u0159izna\u010dn\u011b zn\u011bl v\u00fdraz pro tuto \u010dinnost: ten v\u00fdraz ostatn\u011b ozna\u010duje i tehdej\u0161\u00ed vztah \u010dlov\u011bka k stroji. Ob\u010das byly obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b obl\u00edben\u00e9 dotazy k zn\u00e1m\u00fdm osobnostem o aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch probl\u00e9mech dnes, \u010demu\u017e Ziegenhalss v\u011bnuje jednu zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed kapitolu, a kdy se nap\u0159\u00edklad proslul\u00ed chemici \u010di klav\u00edrn\u00ed virtuozov\u00e9 vyjad\u0159ovali k politice a obl\u00edben\u00ed herci, tane\u010dn\u00edci, gymnasti, letci anebo i b\u00e1sn\u00edci k prosp\u011b\u0161nosti \u010di nev\u00fdhod\u00e1m staroml\u00e1denectv\u00ed, k domn\u011bl\u00fdm p\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u00e1m finan\u010dn\u00edch kriz\u00ed atakd\u00e1le. \u0160lo p\u0159itom jedin\u011b o to, aby se spojilo n\u011bjak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jm\u00e9no s n\u011bkter\u00fdm pr\u00e1v\u011b aktu\u00e1ln\u00edm t\u00e9matem: \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 nech\u0165 si s\u00e1m u Ziegenhalsse vyhled\u00e1 do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry frapantn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklady, uv\u00e1d\u00ed jich stovky. Jak \u0159e\u010deno, p\u0159\u00edm\u011bs\u00ed cel\u00e9 t\u00e9to agilnosti byl pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b velk\u00fd kus ironie, mo\u017en\u00e1 to byla ironie dokonce d\u00e9monick\u00e1, zouf\u00e1al\u00e1, jen velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b jsme s to se zde n\u011bjak vc\u00edtit; av\u0161ak velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed t\u011bch, kdo tehdy byli zjevn\u011b n\u00e1padn\u011b \u010detbychtiv\u00ed, p\u0159ij\u00edmalo bezpochyby v\u0161echny ty groteskn\u00ed v\u011bci s d\u016fv\u011b\u0159ivou v\u00e1\u017enosti. Zm\u011bnil-li n\u011bjak\u00fd slavn\u00fd obraz sv\u00e9ho majitele, byl-li vydra\u017eov\u00e1n n\u011bjak\u00fd vz\u00e1cn\u00fd rukopis, sho\u0159el-li n\u011bjak\u00fd star\u00fd z\u00e1mek, byl-li nositel star\u00e9ho \u0161lechtick\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na zapleten do n\u011bjak\u00e9ho skand\u00e1lu, pak se \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i v cel\u00fdch tis\u00edc\u00edch fejeton\u016f nedov\u00eddali snad jen tyto skute\u010dnosti, n\u00fdbr\u017e u\u017e t\u00e9ho\u017e dne \u010di nanejv\u00fd\u0161 poz\u00edt\u0159\u00ed se jim dost\u00e1valo nav\u00edc spousty anekdotick\u00e9ho, historick\u00e9ho, psychologick\u00e9, erotick\u00e9ho a jin\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu k dan\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edpadu, nad ka\u017edou denn\u00ed ud\u00e1lost\u00ed se vyl\u00e9val p\u0159\u00edval horliv\u00fdch pis\u00e1lkovsk\u00fdch mazanic, a prezentace, t\u0159\u00edd\u011bn\u00ed a formulace v\u0161ech t\u011bchto sd\u011blen\u00ed veskrze nesly pe\u010de\u0165 p\u0159ekotn\u011b a nezodpov\u011bdn\u011b vyroben\u00e9ho masov\u00e9ho zbo\u017e\u00ed. Ostatn\u011b, jak se zd\u00e1, k fejetonu pat\u0159ily i ur\u010dit\u00e9 hry, k nim\u017e bylo \u010dten\u00e1\u0159stvo dokonce podn\u011bcov\u00e1no a jimi\u017e se zaktivovalo jeho p\u0159esycov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdomostmi, pojedn\u00e1v\u00e1 o tom dlouh\u00e1 Ziegenhalssova pozn\u00e1mka o prazvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm t\u00e9matu &#8222;k\u0159\u00ed\u017eovka&#8220;. Tis\u00edce a tis\u00edce lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed pov\u011bt\u0161in\u011b vykon\u00e1vali t\u011b\u017ekou pr\u00e1ci a pro\u017e\u00edvali t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd \u017eivot, vysed\u00e1valy tehdy ve sv\u00fdch voln\u00fdch dhv\u00edl\u00edch a hrbily se nad \u010dtverci a k\u0159\u00ed\u017ei z p\u00edsmen a vypl\u0148ovaly pr\u00e1zdn\u00e1 m\u00edsta v nich podle ur\u010dit\u00fdch pravidel. Varujeme se toho, abychom na to pohl\u00ed\u017eeli pouze z aspektu sm\u011b\u0161nosti a po\u0161etilosti, a hodn\u00e1me se zdr\u017eet ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho posm\u011bchu v t\u00e9 v\u011bci. Ti lid\u00e9 se sv\u00fdmi d\u011btsk\u00fdmi h\u00e1dankovit\u00fdmi hradi a vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edmi \u010dl\u00e1nky nebyli toti\u017e nikterak bezelstn\u00e9 d\u011bti \u010di hrav\u00ed po\u017eitk\u00e1\u0159i, sp\u00ed\u0161e se asi \u00fazkostn\u011b kr\u010dili uprost\u0159ed politick\u00fdch, hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch a mor\u00e1ln\u00edch kvas\u016f a zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed, vedli spousty hr\u016fzn\u00fdch vojen a ob\u010dansk\u00fdch v\u00e1lek a jejich drobn\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed hry nebyly pouh\u00fdm nesmysln\u00fdm d\u011btinstv\u00edm, n\u00fdbr\u017e odpov\u00eddaly hlubok\u00e9 pot\u0159eb\u011b zav\u00edrat o\u010di a p\u0159ed nevy\u0159e\u0161en\u00fdmi probl\u00e9my a \u00fazkostn\u00fdm tu\u0161en\u00edm z\u00e1niku se ut\u00edkat do co nejbezstarostn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho sv\u011bta zd\u00e1n\u00ed. Vytrvale se u\u010dili \u0159\u00eddit automobily, hr\u00e1t obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 karetn\u00ed hry a sniv\u011b se v\u011bnovali lu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed k\u0159\u00ed\u017eovek &#8211; nebo\u0165 byli t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 bez ochrany vystaveni smrti, strachu, bolesti, hladu, c\u00edrkve u\u017e je nedok\u00e1zaly ut\u011b\u0161it, neradil jim duch. Na\u010detli se tolika pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed a vyposlechli tolik p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek, a p\u0159itom si nedop\u0159\u00e1li \u010dasu a n\u00e1mahy, aby se pos\u00edlili proti strachu, aby v sob\u011b p\u0159ekon\u00e1vali \u00fazkost ze smrti; t\u011bkav\u011b \u017eili jen tak nazda\u0159b\u016fh a nev\u011b\u0159ili v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z\u00edt\u0159ek.&#8220;<\/p>\n<p>\u00faryvek z rom\u00e1nu H. Hesse <em>Hra se sklen\u011bn\u00fdmi perlami<\/em> (p\u0159el.V. Slez\u00e1k, Volvox Globator 1996), s. 12-16.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Herman Hesse &#8222;Up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, ono obdob\u00ed zn\u00e1me velmi \u0161patn\u011b, p\u0159esto\u017ee je p\u016fdou, z n\u00edch vyrostlo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echno, co dnes tvo\u0159\u00ed znaky na\u0161eho duchovn\u00edho \u017eivota. Podle Ziegenhalsse to byla doba v obzvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e &#8222;m\u011bs\u0165\u00e1ck\u00e1&#8220; a dalekos\u00e1hle holdovala individulismu, jestli\u017ee my, abychom nazna\u010dili jej\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ru, uv\u00e1d\u00edme n\u011bkter\u00e9 jej\u00ed rysy podle Ziegenhalssovy prezentace, pak s jistotou v\u00edme alespo\u0148 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/596"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=596"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/596\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4686,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/596\/revisions\/4686"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=596"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=596"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestanahoru.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=596"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}